Fig. 3
From: Localized vs. synchronized exports across a highly renewable pan‐European transmission network
Residual mismatch distributions. Distributions of residual mismatches (3) for Germany with α GER=0.7 resulting from the zero (red), the two localized (yellow, green) and the synchronized (blue) export schemes. For comparison, the negative load distribution (black) is also shown. Mismatches and load have been normalized to the average load 〈L GER〉. The residual mismatch distributions resulting from the two localized export schemes are shown without their singular peak at Δ GER=0. Dashed vertical lines indicate the 99 % quantile of the negative mismatch