Table 3 Variables
From: Assessing the energy justice implications of bioenergy development in Nepal
Variable | Rationale | Source | |
|---|---|---|---|
% biogas | BSP registered domestic biogas digesters as percentage of total number of households in each VDC | Understand biogas distribution | Biogas Sector Partnership—Nepal |
Distance | Distance (via road network) from VDC centroids to nearest district headquarters | Remote areas are generally disadvantaged, in Nepal, where inaccessibility is a significant barrier to local development | Generated based on a road network dataset (ICIMOD) |
Elevation | Mean elevation within each VDC | Biogas efficiency is related to temperature, for which elevation serves as a useful proxy | CGIAR Consortium for Spatial Information (Diva-GIS data service) |
% female | % of population made up of women | Gender inequality is a big concern in Nepal, with possible implications for the recognition aspect of energy justice | 2011 census (Central Bureau of Statistics 2012) |
% margin | % of population categorised as “marginalised” (categorisation based on World Bank/DFID (2006) caste/ethnic groupings) | Social marginalisation by caste and ethnicity is a big concern in Nepal, with possible implications for the recognition aspect of energy justice | 2011 census (Central Bureau of Statistics 2012) |
% no facility | % of households with no household facilities (radio, TV, telephone, mobile, computer, Internet and more) | Facility access is used as a proxy for social connectedness of households, which, just as physical connectedness, is likely to impact access to (energy) development | 2011 census (Central Bureau of Statistics 2012) |