Table 1 Technical specifications and mass composition of the 40 kWh battery packs
From: Prospective life cycle assessment of an electric vehicle equipped with a model magnesium battery
Component | Mg–S | LIB (NMC 811) |
|---|---|---|
Total battery pack weight (kg) | 251.8 | 283.6 |
Energy density (cell) (Wh/kg) | 259 | 230 |
Energy density (pack) (Wh/kg) | 158.8 | 141.0 |
Cell level | ||
Anode | Mg foil (29% wt.) | Graphite (22.9% wt.) CMC + SBR + Cu Collector foil (7.4% wt.) |
Cathode | Sulphur (28.7% wt) + CMC/SBR Binder (0.3% wt) + carbon (0.3% wt) + Al collector foil (6% wt) | NMC 811 PVDF Carbon (37.4% wt.) Al collector foil (2.7% wt.) |
Separator | Polyolefin (2% wt.) | Polyethylene (2% wt.) |
Electrolyte | Mg[B(hfip)4]2 + DME (30.7% wt.) | LiPF6 (10% wt.) |
Housing | Al composite (3% wt.) | Nickel-plated steel + PE (17.6%) |
Pack level | ||
Cells (kg) | 154.4 | 173.9 |
Module packaging (kg) | 48.7 | 54.8 |
Battery management system BMS (kg) | 6.3 | 7.1 |
Cooling system (kg) | 10.3 (Al) | 11.6 (Al) |
Battery packaging (kg) | 32.0 | 36.1 |
Roundtrip efficiency | 90% | 95% |
Vehicle | ||
Energy efficiency factor | 0.95 | 1 |
Lifetime (yr.) | 10 | 10 |