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Table 6 The interaction of different types of ER

From: The impact of climate change and environmental regulation on energy poverty: evidence from China

Variable

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group4

FE

GMM

FE

GMM

FE

GMM

FE

GMM

EER*LER

0.00178

− 0.068*

      
 

(0.62)

(− 1.87)

      

EER*SER

  

− 0.000206

− 0.0571**

    
   

(− 0.05)

(− 2.26)

    

LER*SER

    

− 0.0126**

− 0.199***

  
     

(− 2.11)

(− 2.90)

  

EER*LER*SER

      

− 0.000632

− 0.00588***

       

(− 1.29)

(− 4.39)

GDP

− 0.430***

0.011

− 0.424***

− 0.379

− 0.346***

1.367

− 0.397***

− 1.189***

 

(− 4.90)

(0.02)

(− 2.87)

(− 0.56)

(− 3.64)

(1.33)

(− 4.39)

(− 3.32)

Urb

− 0.501*

− 9.860***

− 0.477

− 5.452

− 0.389

− 2.619

− 0.400

3.786***

 

(− 1.75)

(− 2.79)

(− 0.90)

(− 1.07)

(− 1.36)

(− 0.44)

(− 1.38)

(3.29)

Geo

− 0.055

− 1.448**

− 0.078*

− 0.653

− 0.038

0.458

− 0.029

− 0.211

 

(− 1.55)

(− 2.01)

(− 1.89)

(− 0.70)

(− 0.98)

(0.38)

(− 0.73)

(− 0.65)

Edu

0.244

14.104***

0.222

13.46**

0.129

− 0.0298

0.156

− 1.866**

 

(0.50)

(3.03)

(0.38)

(2.07)

(0.27)

(− 0.00)

(0.32)

(− 2.32)

Popu

1.227***

− 1.768

1.262*

− 0.211

1.226***

0.119

1.321***

1.696*

 

(3.52)

(− 1.15)

(1.84)

(− 0.11)

(3.56)

(0.09)

(3.79)

(1.85)

       

(− 1.29)

(− 4.39)

_cons

− 4.409

20.068

− 4.711

0.277

− 4.936

2.390

− 5.476*

− 11.99

 

(− 1.45)

(1.36)

(− 0.81)

(0.01)

(− 1.64)

(0.19)

(− 1.78)

(− 1.52)

R2

0.472

 

0.472

 

0.477

 

0.474

 

Hansen test

 

0.313

 

0.154

 

0.177

 

0.466

Hausman test

34.35***

 

18.24***

 

20.41***

 

17.91***

 

AR (1)

 

0.015

 

0.021

 

0.022

 

0.079

AR (2)

 

0.597

 

0.804

 

0.744

 

0.700

Observation

480

480

480

480

480

480

480

480

  1. ***p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, *p < 0.1