Beyond short-term impact of COVID-19 on transport decarbonization: a scenario analysis of passenger and freight transport by mode in China, 2020–2030

Table 2 EF values of different fuel types in China

Fuel Type	Mode	CO₂ emission factor (EF) (in kg CO₂/ton fuel, except electricity which is kg CO₂/kWh)
Electricity	Rail (electric locomotive; urban rail transit); Road (urban public buses; taxis; motorcycles; private cars)	0.722 (in 2000)
		0.687 (in 2005)
		0.619 (in 2010)
		0.538 (in 2015)
		0.489 (in 2019)
		0.479 (in2020)
		0.475 (in 2021)
Jet Kerosene	Air	3153.15
Diesel	Rail (diesel locomotive); Water; Road (intercity public buses and trucks; private trucks; rural freight vehicles)	3186.30
Motor gasoline	Road (intercity public buses and trucks; urban public buses; taxis; motorcycles; private cars and trucks)	3069.99

Electricity consumption is transformed into coal because most electricity is generated by coal in China. The CO₂ emission factor for standard coal is 2456.67 kg CO₂/ton coal. According to China Electric Power Statistical Yearbook, the proportion of China's power generation from coal-fired power stations decreased from 81.0% in 2000 to 68.9% in 2019, and the standard coal consumption for coal-fired power stations also decreased from 363 g/kWh in 2000 to 288.8 g/kWh in 2019, which leads to 1.9% annual reduction of CO₂ emission intensity of electricity in China in the period of 2012–2019

ISSN: 2192-0567